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Clemson Institute for Parks Denali National Park

Clemson Institute for Parks

The Clemson University Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management Institute for Parks provides research, education, training, and outreach to support and enhance park and protected areas worldwide.

Zion National Park

  • Our Mission

    Parks and protected areas in the 21st century face a wide array of social, ecological and economic challenges. To meet these challenges, parks – whether local, national or global – must be thought of as part of a complex system and be managed from an interdisciplinary perspective. The Clemson University Institute for Parks meets these challenges and enhances park and protected area management by:

    • providing research to inform more effective and efficient management decisions;
    • increasing individual and institutional capacity through transformative leadership education and training programs;
    • and promoting the relevance of parks and protected areas to a rapidly changing, multicultural, global society.
  • Our Expertise

    Our national parks and protected areas require the attention of expert scholars from a variety of disciplines because they face complex challenges that influence natural, cultural, historical and recreational resources. The Institute for Parks brings together a group of scientists and researchers with expertise in natural, social and behavioral sciences, history, communications, information technology, administration, philosophy, and ethics to provide innovative research, training and outreach.

    Scientists at Clemson University who have been designated as Institute for Parks Fellows conduct research, either individually or with teams, in areas important to park managers. In addition, researchers from other universities who have long histories of working in park science, have been designated Institute for Parks Scholars. The Institute currently consists of 35 Fellows and 8 Scholars working on park-related research.

  • CUIP Fellows

    Todd Anderson, M.F.A.
    Department of Art

    Kenneth F. Backman, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management

    Elizabeth Baldwin, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management

    Robert F. Baldwin, Ph.D.
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation

    Kyle Barrett, Ph.D.
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation

    Robert Brookover IV, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management

    Matthew Browning, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management 

    Matthew Brownlee, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management 

    Charles Chancellor, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management

    William Conner, Ph.D.
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation

    Lauren Duffy, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management

    Mariela Fernandez, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management

    Ryan J. Gagnon, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management 

    Barry A. Garst, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management 

    Tim Green, Ph.D.
    Department of Planning, Design and the Built Environment

    Susan Guynn, Ph.D.
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation 

    Donald Hagan, Ph.D.
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation 

    Jeffrey C. Hallo, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management

    Dan Harding, Ph.D.
    School of Architecture

    Cathy Bodinof Jachowski, Ph.D.
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation 

    David S. Jachowski, Ph.D.
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation

    Patrick G. R. Jodice, Ph.D.
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation

    Drew Lanham, Ph.D.
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation

    Patricia Layton, Ph.D.
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation 

    Gary E. Machlis, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management
    Environmental Sustainability

    William Norman, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management

    Todd Petty, Ph.D.
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation

    Robert Baxter Powell, Ph.D., George B. Hartzog, Jr. Endowed Professor
    Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation

    Gregory Ramshaw, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management

    Shari Rodriguez, Ph.D.
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation

    Aby Sene-Harper, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management

    Geoff Wang, Ph.D.
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation

    David L. White, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management

    Brett Wright, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management

    Greg Yarrow, Ph.D.
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation

  • CUIP Scholars

    Ken Cline, Professor, University of the Atlantic Ken Cline
    Professor
    College of the Atlantic
    Specialty: Environmental policy
    kcline@coa.edu

    Ken Cline received a BA in Political Science and General Science from Hiram College and a J.D. from Case Western Reserve University School of Law in 1983. Before joining the faculty, he served as a Judicial Clerk for Federal Judge Gus J. Solomon in Portland, Oregon; as a Staff Attorney for the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit in San Francisco; and as an attorney specializing in municipal, environmental, and land use litigation for Calfee Halter & Griswold in Cleveland, Ohio. Ken joined the faculty of the College of the Atlantic in 1989 where he teaches a broad range of courses in environmental law and policy. In addition to legal studies and pre-law courses, he teaches several interdisciplinary courses that focus on conservation policy within the United States and internationally.

    Jessica Fefer, Assistant Professor at KSU Jessica Fefer
    Assistant Professor
    Kansas State University
    Specialty: Visitor motivations, behaviors and outcomes
    jfefer@ksu.edu

    Jessica Fefer received her masters' degree from the University of Maine, where she studied the Human Dimensions of Forest Resources, and her Ph.D. from the Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management Department at Clemson University. Dr. Fefer's teaching and research focuses on visitor motivations, behaviors and outcomes associated with outdoor recreation participation in both U.S. and international contexts. She has conducted research to inform visitor use and capacity decisions at several protected areas, including Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area and the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Her passion for travel and outdoor recreation bolster her work, and allow her to translate her experiences to her students in and outside of the classroom.

    freimund_wayne.jpeg Wayne Freimund
    Professor
    Utah State University
    Specialty: Recreation Resource Management
    wayne.freimund@usu.edu

    Dr. Wayne Freimund is a Professor in the Dept. of Environment and Society at Utah State University and the coordinator of their Recreation Resource Management Program at the Moab campus. Prior to Utah State, he was Department Head of the Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management at Clemson University, and served as Department Head and Acting Dean of the College of Forestry and Natural Resources at the University of Montana. As a researcher, Dr. Freimund is an expert in visitor management in national parks. He also specializes in training park managers to address complex visitor management issues. The majority of Dr. Freimund’s domestic work relates to visitation and planning in National Parks. The research he conducts helps park managers create long term plans and understand visitor experiences and attitudes. He generally works with western parks and has completed many projects for Arches, Canyonlands, Yellowstone and Glacier National Parks - parks he considers to be his favorites. Dr. Freimund’s international work has taken him to many exciting places including Jordan, Brazil, Vietnam, Zambia, Botswana, and South Africa. Since 1998, Wayne has collaborated with researchers and agencies across Southern Africa where he examines ways people interact with the environment in protected areas to better the understanding of their values and benefits. Dr. Freimund describes this as critical work because many African countries face the same challenges as the United States; however, the pace of the environmental and social change is much faster.

    Lincoln Larson, North Carolina State University Lincoln Larson 
    Associate Professor
    North Carolina State University
    Specialty: Human Dimensions of Natural Resources
    LRLarson@ncsu.edu

    Dr. Lincoln Larson is an Assistant Professor in the Dept. of Parks, Recreation & Tourism Management in the College of Natural Resources at North Carolina State University. He received his B.S. in Biology from Duke University and completed his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Forest Resources (natural resources recreation and tourism emphasis) from the Warnell School of Forestry & Natural Resources at the University of Georgia. Dr. Larson has worked as postdoctoral research associate in the Dept. of Natural Resources at Cornell University and an Assistant Professor in PRTM at Clemson, where he was a CUIP Fellow. At NC State, Dr. Larson continues to employ a variety of social science methods to understand human-environment interactions and address natural resource management and conservation issues. His research questions and projects focus on three broad themes (natural resource management and conservation, outdoor recreation and health, and environmental education and stewardship) that are designed to help scientists, land managers, and the general public understand, communicate, and collaboratively respond to emerging challenges facing parks and protected areas.

    Robert Manning, Univ of Vermont Robert Manning
    Professor Emeritus
    University of Vermont
    Specialty: Parks history, management
    Robert.Manning@uvm.edu

    Robert Manning is Professor in the Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources at the University of Vermont, where he teaches the history, philosophy, and management of parks and related areas and conducts a program of research for the U.S. National Park Service and related agencies. He is also Director of the university's Park Studies Laboratory. Dr. Manning has spent four year-long sabbatical leaves with the U.S. National Park Service at Grand Canyon National Park, Yosemite National Park, Golden Gate National Recreation Area, and the headquarters office in Washington, DC. He is the author of several books, including Studies in Outdoor Recreation: Search and Research for Satisfaction (2nd Edition) (Oregon State University Press), Parks and Carrying Capacity: Commons without Tragedy (Island Press), and Parks and People: Managing Outdoor Recreation at Acadia National Park (University Press of New England).

    Simon Seno, Narok University CollegeSimon Ole Seno, Ph.D. 
    Professor, Deputy Vice Chancellor (D.V.C.) 
    Maasai Mara University
    Specialty: Natural resource policy
    oleseno@yahoo.com

    Since 2013, Dr. Simon K. Ole Seno has been the Deputy Vice Chancellor for Maasai Mara University in Narok, Kenya. Previously, he was the Dean of the School of Tourism and Natural Resources Management at the university. He received his BS degree in Range Science in 1982 and his MS degree in Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences in 1987 both from New Mexico State University. He received his PhD in Wildlife and Fisheries Science from the University of Arizona in 1998. His professional career in wildlife and range management spans several decades. He started as an Assistant Range Management Officer in Garissa District, Kenya in 1977 and held several positions related to range management into the late 1980’s. In 1988 he became a lecturer in the Department of Wildlife Management at Moi University, Kenya and in 1999 he moved on to the Center for Wildlife Management Studies at the School of Field Studies in Kenya. He rose to director of the School in 2001 and remained there until he took the Dean’s position at Maasai Mara University.

    He has written extensively on issues related to wildlife and range management throughout his career. He has a keen interest in the human dimensions associated with managing wildlife and natural resources. He has conducted significant research on the impact of parks and protected areas on local communities as well as the impact of local communities on these entities. He is a leading expert in these research areas and is very active within the East Africa research community. Dr. Seno has been instrumental in developing an active partnership between Maasai Mara University and Clemson University. Also, he has helped the Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management build a strong network of collaborators in East Africa. He has been a co-investigator on several projects developed through the Clemson/Maasai Mara University partnership.

    Steve shackletonSteve Shackleton
    Executive Director of School of Management, Director of the Vernal Pools Natural Reserve, Executive Director of the Sierra Nevada Research Institute
    UC Merced
    Specialty: Leadership and Park Management 
    sshackelton@ucmerced.edu

    Steve Shackleton retired from a 40-year career in the National Park Service and National Forest Service in 2012 that began in 1972. At UC Merced, since 2012, he served as the first Director of the Vernal Pools Natural Reserve and the Executive Director of the Sierra Nevada Research Institute. Steve currently works in research and teaching in the area of parks and protected area management. He is the Executive Director of UC Merced’s emerging School of Management, incubating in the School of Engineering. He is also leading a partnership program that is establishing a summer campus within Yosemite National Park, called UC Sierra. Immediately prior to retirement from the National Park Service, Steve was in the position of Associate Director from March 2010 to June 2012. As Associate Director, he managed programs of park protection and emergency services over a national system of parks that encompass 84 million acres and is visited by 280 million people each year. His positions previous to Associate Director include the Chief Ranger in Yosemite National Park in California’s Sierra Nevada Mountains for nine years; the Superintendent of Pinnacles National Monument in central coastal California; a three year congressional fellowship in Washington, D.C. – one year in the United States Senate, Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and two years in the National Park Service Office of Legislative and Congressional Affairs; nine years in Alaska as the Regional Visitor and Resource Protection Manager over 12 parks and 54 million acres; and five years in Hawaii as a Law Enforcement Manager for 9 parks in the Pacific Area. He began his park service career at Grand Teton National Park in Wyoming as a park ranger and spent six summers as a firefighter on the Sierra National Forest in California.

    Ryan SharpRyan Sharp
    Associate Professor
    Kansas State University
    Specialty: Visitor Use Management
    ryansharp@ksu.edu 

    Dr. Ryan Sharp is an Associate Professor in the Park Management and Conservation program at Kansas State University. He obtained his Ph.D. in Natural Resources Recreation & Tourism from the Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources at the University of Georgia, his M.Ed. from Georgia College in Outdoor Recreation, and a B.S. in Education from the State University of New York at Cortland. Dr. Sharp has been employing a variety of methods to understand issues related to human dimensions of natural resources in parks and protected areas. Specifically, Dr. Sharp has been working extensively with the U.S. National Park Service to understand how to best balance visitor use and enjoyment with the conservation of the natural and cultural resources located therein. Several mixed methods studies employing techniques such as surveys, GPS/GIS, trail counters, accelerometers, and social media have been completed by Dr. Sharp, in collaboration with researchers around the United States. Past projects have explored issues at Grand Canyon National Park (visitor use in the rim-to-rim corridor), Cumberland Island National Seashore (carrying capacity), Joshua Tree National Park (backcountry use), and Katmai and Lake Clark National Parks (human/bear interactions). Dr. Sharp is primarily interested in answering applied, management-centric questions to ensure that the balance between use and conservation is maintained. 

    jeffreyskibins.jpeg

    Jeffrey Skibins
    Assistant Professor
    East Carolina University
    Specialty: Environmental interpretation and conservation
    skibinsj18@ecu.edu

    Dr. Jeffrey Skibins is an Associate Professor in the Recreation and Park Management Program in the Department of Recreation Sciences at East Carolina University. He received his B.A. in Biology from Illinois Wesleyan University, M.S. in Conservation Biology from Illinois State University, and Ph.D. in Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management (park and conservation area management emphasis) from Clemson University. Dr. Skibins’ research focuses on three overarching issues of human dimensions of wildlife conservation: 1) how can parks and protected areas increase public participation in wildlife conservation, 2) how do we improve wildlife conservation outcomes from wildlife tourism, and 3) how does interpretation influence wildlife conservation. To address these questions, he uses conservation psychology theories to investigate how visitors’ emotions, attitudes, and on-site experiences can be measured to predict pro-conservation behaviors. Dr. Skibins research involves a variety of species around the world, including brown, black, and polar bears, the African ‘Big 5’, Sumatran tigers, Tasmanian devils, and tree kangaroos. Projects are designed to provide managers strategies to enhance wildlife conservation, interpretation and exhibit design, public campaigns, and visitor experiences.

    Mark Stern, Virginia TechMarc Stern
    Professor
    Virginia Tech University
    Specialty: Natural resource sociology
    mjstern@vt.edu

    Marc Stern conducts research focused on the human dimensions of natural resource policy and management, environmental communications, protected areas management, international conservation, natural resource management effectiveness, attitudes vs. actions, public responses to natural resource management, evaluation of environmental education and other outreach programs. He teaches courses in environmental education and communications, research methods, and park and protected area management.

    Jennifer Thomsen, University of MontanaJennifer Thomsen
    Associate Professor
    University of Montana
    Specialty: Parks, recreation and tourism management
    jennifer.thomsen@umontana.edu

    Bridging her natural science background in wildlife and fisheries biology with her social science background in parks and conservation area management, Jennifer Thomsen's research focuses on four main areas: 1) stakeholder collaboration associated with large landscape conservation, 2) sustainable tourism and protected area management, 3) the relationship between human and ecosystem health, and 4) the relationship between environmental learning and pro-environmental behavior.

    Stephen Trombulak, Middlebury CollegeStephen Trombulak
    Professor Emeritus
    Middlebury College
    Specialty: Landscape ecology
    trombula@middlebury.edu

    Stephen Trombulak is a conservation biologist and landscape ecologist, with particular interests in (a) the field biology of mammals, birds, and beetles, (b) the use of geographic information systems (GIS) to develop science-based conservation planning tools, and (c) natural history education. He is currently running two research programs—one on forest-dwelling beetles and one on landscape-level wildlife connectivity in the Northern Appalachians. He teaches in both the Biology Department and the Program in Environmental Studies, where my primary teaching focus is on environmental science, vertebrate natural history, and conservation biology.

  • CUIP Board of Advisors

    allenDr. Lawrence R. Allen was Dean of the College of Health, Education, and Human Development at Clemson University, from August 2001, to July, 2014, and has been a faculty member in the Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Development since 1989. He recently returned from serving as a visiting professor at Maasai Mara University, Kenya for five months. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Maryland in recreation and park administration with a specialty area in counseling. He is a Fellow with Academy of Leisure Sciences, and in 1995, served as the President of the Academy. In 1996, he was elected to the American Academy of Park and Recreation Administration. Dr. Allen’s primary interest focuses on the impact of recreation and park experiences on individual and community well-being. Further, he has been instrumental in the development of a Master’s degree in Youth Development Leadership at Clemson University. His interest in the relationship between park, recreation, and tourism services and community well-being has provided valuable information to practitioners and academics regarding effective methods of leisure service delivery.

    BelliKeith Belli became Dean of Clemson University’s College of Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences (CAFLS) Sept. 1, 2018. Under CAFLS’ new administrative structure, Belli serves as the chief academic and administrative officer and associate vice president for Clemson Public Service and Agriculture (PSA), where he collaborates with Vice-President of PSA George Askew to advance the interests of both complimentary units. As dean, Belli plays a critical role in implementing Clemson’s land-grant mission by working with CAFLS faculty and staff to build upon the college mission of creating future leaders who will feed a growing population, develop renewable sources of energy, ensure a safe sustainably packaged food supply and maintain a healthy environment.

    boykinCeleste "Clete" Boykin is the current Chairperson of the Board of Advisors for the Institute for Parks. She is the senior manager for DuPont Government Marketing and Government Affairs, where she is responsible for legislative policy for a number of issues, including cybersecurity, trade secrets and transportation. Boykin graduated from Clemson in 1979 with a Bachelor of Science in plant sciences and received her Master of Arts in international relations from American University in Washington, D.C., in 1989. Boykin is currently involved with CentroNia, a nationally recognized multicultural learning community with a pioneering approach to bilingual education, the Baltimore Washington, D.C., Clemson Club and the Clemson Board of Visitors. Boykin is a native of Lancaster.

    Bernard FaganBernard "Chick" Fagan graduated from Clemson University in 1969 with a degree in Recreation and Park Administration and continued study as a parks and recreation graduate student at The Pennsylvania State University. In 1972 he began his 40-year career with the U.S. Department of the Interior as a grants-in-aid officer for the Bureau of Outdoor Recreation.  Subsequent responsibilities included evaluating potential National Wild and Scenic Rivers, and providing coordination, writing, and editing support leading to the establishment of the NJ Pinelands National Reserve.  After the Reserve was established he served as staff assistant to the Secretary of the Interior’s representative on the NJ Pinelands Commission. In 1982, Mr. Fagan was appointed Assistant Superintendent of Assateague Island National Seashore.  He left park management in 1989 when selected as the National Park Service’s first Bevinetto Fellow in legislative and congressional affairs. Mr. Fagan joined the NPS Office of Policy in 1992 and served as Chief of that office from October 2008 until his retirement in 2012.  His primary responsibilities included writing, reviewing, and editing the primary guidance documents for managing national park areas; training and counseling employees on the proper application of laws, policies, and regulations; providing leadership in the establishment of advisory committees and commissions; and representing the NPS on the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. Upon his retirement, Mr. Fagan received the Department of the Interior’s Superior Service award.  

    Phil FrancisPhil Francis retired in 2013 after a 40-year career in the National Park Service, culminating with seven years as the Superintendent of the Blue Ridge Parkway and 11 years as Deputy Superintendent of Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Mr. Francis led the Parkway as it developed the parkway’s first general management plan and during the parkway’s 75th anniversary celebration. A native of Grover, North Carolina, he began his career with the NPS at Kings Mountain National Military Park as a seasonal park ranger while a student at Clemson and later as Administrative Assistant. Mr. Francis went on to serve as Administrative Officer at a sequence of parks of increasing size and complexity including Shenandoah and Yosemite national parks. Following Yosemite, he was the Associate Regional Director, Administration for the National Park Service’s Southwest Region. Mr. Francis is a graduate of Clemson University with a Bachelor's degree in Administrative Management. He completed the Department of Interior Senior Executive Service Training Program and received numerous awards over his career. In addition, he received the Department of Interior’s Superior Service Award and the Walter T. Cox Award from Clemson University for sustained achievement in public service providing leadership in administration of public lands and for policy formation affecting our natural and cultural resources. Mr. Francis serves as vice chair of the Coalition to Protect America’s National Parks and is a member of the National Park Conservation Association’s Southeast Regional Council. He also serves on the boards for the Great Smoky Mountains Institute at Tremont and Discover Life in America. He is married to Smokies’ entomologist Dr. Becky Nichols and resides in Sevierville.

    GainesPhil Gaines is the former State Park Director for the South Carolina State Park Service. Currently, Mr. Gaines is a professor of practice in the Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management. Mr. Gaines is a native of Greenville SC and a 1981 graduate of Clemson University. He formerly served on the Board of Directors for the National Association of State Park Directors, and the National Association of State Outdoor Recreation Liaison Officers. He has served as President of the Association of Southeastern State Park Directors and Past Chairman of the Board of Regents for the State Park Leadership School in Wheeling West Virginia where he still is an instructor. Mr. Gaines was recently awarded the Distinguished Service Award from the National Association of State Park Directors and the Walter Cox Award for Public Service and Leadership in Natural Resources, from Clemson University.

    jeff.jpgJeff Hallo, Ph.D. is the Interim Department Chair and a Professor in Clemson University’s Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management. His research and teaching are focused on understanding, planning for, and managing visitor use in parks, forests, and other protected areas. He has authored or coauthored over 70 peer-reviewed scientific journal articles, books, or book chapters on these topics. In 2011 he taught a course on visitor/tourist management at the Maasai Mara National Reserve in Kenya. In 2012, Jeff received an award for Excellence in Research from Clemson University, and in 2013 he was listed as an “Up and Coming Recreation Researcher” by the National Recreation and Park Association. He was an interviewed expert for news articles appearing in The Washington Post, National Geographic, Delta Sky Magazine, and WalletHub. In 2016, Jeff released his first children’s book titled Rosy Ralph Visits His National Parks. In 2017 and 2018 he received university awards for his graduate student mentoring and for his scholarship in scientific journals.

    Jeff has an expertise in parks and in large project administration, having both a M.S. in Technical/Project Management and having led or co-led numerous applied projects. His work has specifically focused on empirical studies of visitor use management; park visitors/tourists; potential park visitors/tourists and stakeholders; natural, historical, and culturally-based recreation; carrying capacity studies; sustainable transportation planning; scenic driving/ORV recreation; and modeling of recreational use patterns. Methods, tools, and concepts used in this research include indicator/threshold-based planning and management frameworks (including the federal Interagency Visitor Use Management Council’s Visitor Use Management Framework), normative approaches, GPS, GIS, automated field cameras, visual simulations, surveys, and qualitative research techniques (e.g., focus groups, interviewing, Photovice, and rigorous qualitative analysis). 

    Jeff’s completed and ongoing projects have occurred at places such as the Cumberland Island National Seashore, Pinnacles National Park, Cape Cod National Seashore, Acadia National Park, Congaree National Park, the Blue Ridge Parkway, Petra Archeological Park (Jordan), Kenai Fjords National Park, Denali National Park, the USDA Forest Service’s Buck Hall Recreation Area and Sumter National Forest, three Tennessee State Parks, and the Maasai Mara National Reserve (Kenya). Jeff completed a project at Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area to conduct visitor and carrying capacity studies to inform one of the first formal Visitor Use Management Plans in the U.S. National Park Service. Also, he led a multi-year, multi-university study at the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge to help support the implementation of a management strategy to protect an endangered public recreation experience related to a marine mammal of global concern – the polar bear. Many of these projects support formal planning efforts and documents. The overall intent of Jeff’s work is to ensure that we continue to sustainably and appropriately use parks, tourism sites, and protected areas for public enjoyment. Jeff lives in Central, SC with his wife Lisa and their three young children Cooper, Ashlyn, and Bridger. Jeff greatly enjoys experiencing parks and the natural world with his family.

    Dean Leslie HossfeldLeslie Hossfeld  began work as dean of the College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences in July 2018. Prior to her appointment as dean, she was professor and head of the Department of Sociology at Mississippi State University (MSU), where she also served as director of the Mississippi Food Insecurity Program and associate director of the Myrlie Evers-Williams Institute for the Elimination of Health Disparities. Before she arrived at MSU, she worked as chair of the Department of Sociology and Criminology at the University of North Carolina Wilmington. Hossfeld’s career includes serving as co-lead on the USDA SERA-47 Southern Extension Research Activity Learning Community project, where she works to strengthen local and regional food needs and priorities in 13 Southern region states. She earned her Ph.D. in sociology at North Carolina State University, and she holds a Master of Social Science degree from the University of Mississippi and a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of North Carolina Wilmington.

    Brad_IvesBrad Ives has served as Associate Vice Chancellor for Campus Enterprises and Chief Sustainability Officer for the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill since May 2015. He is responsible for Auxiliary Services, which includes Carolina Dining Services and UNC Student Stores, Energy Services, Parking & Transportation, Trademarks & Licensing, and Sustainability. Mr. Ives also manages the North Carolina Policy Collaboratory, which facilitates the dissemination of policy and research expertise of the University on natural resources management issues within North Carolina.

    From 2013 to 2015, Mr. Ives was Assistant Secretary for Natural Resources for North Carolina and managed Aquariums, Marine Fisheries, State Parks, the Museum of Natural Sciences and the Zoo. He previously work in the solar and biomass energy sectors, and developed an award-winning landfill gas project with ExxonMobil.  Mr. Ives started his career as a structured finance lawyer in New York and Charlotte, and later worked in institutional money management in London.  In addition to his professional responsibilities, Mr. Ives currently serves on the Boards of Advisors for the Clemson University Institute for Parks, the North Carolina School of Science & Mathematics Foundation and the Morehead-Cain Scholarship Foundation.  Mr. Ives received his B.A. and J.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill where he was a Morehead-Cain Scholar. 

    Fran_MainellaFran Mainella is a Visiting Scholar at Clemson University Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management. She is also President of Fran Mainella Consulting,LLC.  Previously, Director Mainella served nearly six years as the 16th Director and the first woman to lead the National Park Service.  Fran served twelve years as Director of Florida’s State Parks, which received the Gold Medal Award, recognizing Florida as the best state park system in the country.  She has also served as executive director of the Florida Recreation and Park Association and as president of both the National Recreation and Park Association and the National Association of State Park Directors. Clemson University has named an award in her honor, encouraging women to pursue conservation careers.  The American Recreation Coalition also presented her with the Sheldon Coleman Great Outdoors Award.  She has received the William Penn Mott, Jr. Award for Excellence by the NSPR and she is one of the few that have been a two-time winner of the Pugsley Award, the highest award given by the American Academy for Park and Recreation Administration. She has also been selected as the Metcalf Lecturer for SUNY- Cortland, the first ever Ralph Steele Lecturer for East Carolina University, and the Calhoun Lecturer for Clemson University.  For four consecutive years, the Clemson University Board of Trustees presented her with an award for faculty excellence. In addition, Mainella received the Outstanding Alumni of the Year from the University Of Connecticut School Of Education.  Additionally, she has written many articles and book publications including the introduction to National Geographic’s 10 Best of Everything National Parks and an acknowledgement to Richard Louv’s new book: The Nature Principle. Fran is currently the Vice-Chair of South Florida National Park Trust; Member of the Board of Trustees for Guest Services Inc; Past-Chair of the Children and Nature Network; Co-Chair of the US Play Coalition; Member of the Clemson Institute for Parks; Fellow of the American Academy of Park and Recreation Administrators; Member of the Foundation for Sustainable Parks and Recreation; and a national speaker on Women in Leadership, Nature Deficit Disorder, Play, and Parks and Recreation. Director Mainella holds a bachelor’s degree from the University of Connecticut, a master’s degree, and an honorary doctorate from Central Connecticut State College.

    barry.jpgBarry McNees is the developer and visionary behind the Lexington Distillery District. After being romanced by a series of old distillery buildings in downtown Lexington, Ky – Barry made it a mission to reclaim the blighted area and revitalize a long overlooked segment of KY history. This area was home to the historic James E. Pepper Distillery, which began making bourbon in 1879. However, in 1958 the site was abandoned completely, untouched for nearly 50 years. Fortunately, in 2008, Barry McNees and a few courageous entrepreneurs teamed up to bring this area back to its former glory and now this revitalized piece of Lexington history has become a lively downtown tourist destination. Today, you’ll find two distilleries using the same limestone filtered water source from the Town Branch to make their bourbon, just like the distillery that came before them. Plus, the easily walkable area combined with its diverse entertainment, food and drink offerings makes the Lexington Distillery District one of Kentucky’s most exciting hotspots. 

    Prior to his achievements with the Lexington Distillery District, Barry was active in real estate as a principle broker with Limestone Realty. A native of Winchester, Kentucky, Barry is a graduate of the University of Kentucky with a BA in English and Political Science. Barry and his wife, Lynne reside in Georgetown, KY where they are surrounded by retired thoroughbred horses. 

    new-lwm22-hedshot-002.jpgLynne Walker McNees serves as the President of the International SPA Association (ISPA).  For nearly 25 years, Lynne has led the global operations representing spas and resource partner members headquartered in Lexington, Ky., Prior to her role with ISPA, she worked for several years in Washington, D.C. Her significant accomplishments in the nation’s capital included positions with WorldCupUSA, the National Association of Chain Drug Stores, The President’s Commission on The White House Fellowships and the Office Presidential Personnel in The White House.  Lynne also served on the Bush/Quayle campaign and Presidential Inaugural teams.

    Lynne travels throughout the world promoting and representing the spa industry and also serves as ISPA’s official spokesperson by frequently being interviewed as a spa expert by major media outlets including The New York Times, Travel + Leisure, USA Today, Women’s Wear Daily, the Associated Press and numerous consumer and trade publications. A native of Dallas, Texas, Lynne is a graduate of the University of Maryland with a BS in Kinesiological Science.  Lynne and her husband Barry McNees live in Georgetown, KY and have two long-haired miniature dachshunds named Teton Spirit and Moose Wyoming.

    orrJustice Robert Orr is the former chairman of the Board of Advisors for the Institute for Parks. Justice Orr was born in Norfolk, Virginia and spent his childhood in Hendersonville, North Carolina. After earning his bachelor's degree from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Justice Orr served in the United States Army from 1968 to 1971. He returned to UNC-Chapel Hill to earn his law degree and then entered private law practice in Asheville, North Carolina. In 1986, Justice Orr was appointed to the North Carolina Court of Appeals, and in 1994 was elected to the state's Supreme Court. From 1992 to 1996, he also served on the United States National Park System Advisory Board. Justice Orr also teaches a class on the NC Constitution at UNC School of Law and is currently on the Board of Directors for the Conservation Trust of North Carolina. In July 2004, Justice Orr retired from the state Supreme Court during the summer to head the newly-formed North Carolina Institute for Constitutional Law. Justice Orr continues to practice law focusing on appellate work, NC Constitution litigation and representing college athletes in NCAA matters. He has four children, one of which is pursuing a MS from Clemson University’s Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management.

    todd.jpgDr. Todd Petty joined the Clemson University faculty in 2020 and currently serve as chair of the department of forestry and environmental conservation. Prior to coming to Clemson, Petty taught and conducted research in the department of wildlife and fisheries resources at West Virginia University for 21 years. Petty's lab specializes in watershed scale dynamics of fish populations and riverine ecosystems. Most of his research involves understanding how landscape change and climate change interact to affect watershed scale dynamics. He also conducts research on river restoration and effectiveness in recovering fish populations. Petty teaches courses in freshwater ecology, fisheries management, and vertebrate population dynamics. 

    Originally from Richmond, VA, Petty graduated with a BA in Biology from the University of Virginia in 1990. He then worked for both the Maryland Department of Natural Resources and the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries as a fisheries technician in the Chesapeake Bay. He returned to graduate school and earned an MS (1994) and a PhD (1998) in Forest Resources from the University of Georgia.

    Robert G. Stanton imageRobert G. Stanton, former Senior Advisor to the Secretary of the U.S. Department of the Interior and former Director of the National Park Service, was appointed by President Barack Obama on October 30, 2014 to a four-year term on the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP). An independent federal agency, the ACHP promotes the educational, economic, and cultural value of historic preservation and advises the president and Congress on national historic preservation policy. It also influences federal activities, programs, and policies that affect historic and cultural properties. As Senior Advisor to the Interior Secretary from 2010-2014, Mr. Stanton served as a key senior analyst and provided executive level advice and support to the Secretary on a wide range of environmental, educational, organizational and management challenges, and opportunities and worked closely with the bureaus and offices in advancing the Secretary and the President's goals for Interior. He also represented the Secretary and the Department on Presidential Policy Review Committees, Boards and Commissions From 2009-2010 before assuming the Senior Advisor position in the immediate Office of the Secretary, Mr. Stanton served as the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Program Management. Mr. Stanton, prior to returning to Federal service in 2009, served as an Executive Professor at Texas A&M University in the Department of Recreation, Park and Tourism Sciences; Visiting Professor at Howard University in the Department of History (Public History Program); Professor of the Practice at Yale University in the School of Forestry and Environmental Studies; board member and consultant to a number of national conservation organizations. From 2001-2003, he also served as the International Union for Conservation and Nature (IUCN) Ambassador for the Fifth World Parks Congress held in 2003 in Durban, South Africa. Mr. Stanton earned a Bachelor of Science degree from Huston-Tillotson University, Austin, Texas, and did his graduate work at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts. He has been awarded five honorary doctorate degrees: Doctor of Letters, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; Doctor of Science, Huston-Tillotson University, Austin, Texas; Doctor of Environmental Stewardship, Unity College, Unity, Maine; Doctor of Public Policy, Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana; and Doctor of Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.

    macstone_210917_1681.jpg Mac Stone combines his photographic and naturalist background to further conservation outcomes around the world. He lives in Greenville, SC with his wife, son and daughter, and is the executive director of Naturaland Trust, a Greenville-based non-profit that protects properties in South Carolina to expand parks and public access to the outdoors, improve water quality and viewsheds, and protect threatened and endangered species and historical sites. Stone is an accomplished author, speaker, a National Geographic Explorer and photographer and senior fellow with the International League of Conservation Photographers and Sea Legacy. His images have been widely published and internationally awarded, he is the author of Everglades: America's Wetland and his TED talk has been viewed over one million times. He continues to work on Everglades restoration initiatives and he serves on the board of directors of the Everglades Foundation. His conservation work can be found at www.naturalandtrust.org and his photographic work at www.macstonephoto.com 

    TaltonToni Talton is a native of Jacksonville, Florida. She is a 1986 graduate of Clemson University in Parks, Recreation. and Tourism Management with an emphasis in Travel and Tourism. Toni is married to Jimmy Talton who is also a 1986 Clemson graduate. He earned a Financial Management degree from the College of Business and an MBA from the University of Florida. Following graduation, Toni worked many years in the hotel business in various roles for The Ritz Carlton Hotel Company in Atlanta, Georgia. As part of the corporate sales team, she opened several new properties in the US. After her time in the hotel business, she worked in sales for Tiffany and Company's Corporate Division in New York City. Upon relocating to Raleigh, NC where she still resides, Toni worked in non profit for the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. Toni and Jimmy have 3 children Caroline, Laura and James. Caroline and Laura are both currently Clemson students and James is in high school. She enjoys volunteer work, traveling and spending time at the coast. 

    WrightDr. Brett Wright is the former dean of the College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences at Clemson University. Prior to his appointment as dean, he was interim dean of Clemson’s College of Health, Education and Human Development and chair of the Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management. He also serves as co-chair of the U.S. Play Coalition, which is housed at the university. He came to Clemson in 2002 from George Mason University, where he chaired the Department of Health, Fitness and Recreation Resources, directed the Center for Recreation Resources Policy, and served as an affiliate faculty member of the Department of Biology’s Environmental Science and Public Policy Program. He earned his bachelor’s and master’s degrees from Morehead State University and his doctorate from Texas A&M University. He is past president of the National Society of Park Resources and a fellow and board member of the American Academy of Park and Recreation Administration.

    Emeritus Board Members

    EverhardtGary E. Everhardt (deceased) was the ninth Director of the US National Park Service. After receiving a degree in Civil Engineering at North Carolina State University in 1957, he served as an Army officer and then went on to be an NPS engineer. He rose to the superintendency of Grand Teton National Park in 1972 and became the Director of the US National Park Service in 1975. As Director he pushed wilderness designation and oversaw programming for the observance of the United States Bicentennial. He ended his 43 year career with the NPS as the Superintendent of the Blue Ridge Parkway and he still lives in the Asheville area with his family today.

     

    Dave Parker (deceased) has explored 55 of the 60 National Parks in the US over the last 50 years. Mr. Parker earned his BA and Master’s degrees from Wayne State University in Detroit. After serving in the Air Force, he joined the Oakland County MI Planing Commision where he conducted water resource studies and represented the community at sessions of the Huron-Clinton Metropolitan Parks Authority. Prior to becoming President and Chief Executive Officer of AGA in September, 1997, Mr. Parker was President of the Aluminum Association. Previously, Mr. Parker spent nine years in public policy positions at the Edison Electric Institute, addressing a variety of advocacy issues on behalf of the electric utility industry. His prior 17 years of government experience includes, service in a variety of senior positions at the White House, the U.S. Department of Commerce and the U.S. Department of the Interior. He served as an airman in the U.S. Air Force from 1962-1968 and he was the 1997-98 Chairman of the Board of the American Society of Association Executives.

    LeeTalbotDr. Lee Talbot (deceased) was an ecologist and geographer with over 60 years experience in 134 countries. Dr. Talbot was a Professor of Environmental Science, International Affairs & Public Policy at George Mason University (GMU) and a senior environmental advisor to World Bank, U.N. organizations and foreign governments. He held positions as the Director-General of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN); Assistant to Chairman, Chief Scientist and Foreign Affairs Director of the White House President’s Council on Environmental Quality for Presidents Nixon, Ford and Carter; Head of Environmental Sciences at the Smithsonian Institution; and an officer in the U.S. Marine Corps. With his biologist wife, he spent over six years starting in the 1950s conducting pioneering ecosystem research on the Serengeti-Mara Plains of East Africa. They subsequently conducted the Southeast Asia Project of the IUCN as environmental advisors to 11 nations. Dr. Talbot was a member of over 20 committees and panels of the National Academy of Sciences, and Senior Scientific Advisor to the International Council of Scientific Unions. A pioneer in developing and applying ecosystem science and development of environmental policies, he was an author of the Endangered Species Act, Marine Mammal Protection Act, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, World Heritage Convention, and many other national and international laws and policies. He served as president, vice president or board member of a number of national and international scientific and environmental organizations. He conducted over 160 exploration and research expeditions to remote or unknown areas on five continents.

    WalkerAnne Walker is a graduate of the University of Arizona. She has served as a member of the National Park System Advisory Board, The Women’s Board of the American Heart Association and Chairman of HOPE Balls. Mrs. Walker has also served as Deputy Director for Public Affairs for the U.S. Department of Commerce and was Special Assistant to the Chairman and Deputy Director of Congressional Relations for the Consumer Product Safety Commision. In 1984, Mrs. Walker receives the “Chairman’s Award” for “dedication and diligence while serving as an effective liaison between the Commission and the Congress of the United States.” Mrs. Walker has held positions with Abel Company, Ron Walker and Associates, Inc., and the Dallas Market Center. Mrs. Walker is a published author and a teacher and she has 3 children and 2 grandsons.

    Ron WalkerRonald H. Walker was the inaugural Chairman of the Board of Advisors for the Institute for Parks at Clemson University. Mr. Walker has an extensive record of accomplishments and service in business, government, and international consulting. Most recently, Mr. Walker was a Senior Partner for more than twenty years with Korn/Ferry International, the World's largest Executive Search Firm. Mr. Walker's extensive and distinguished record of government service includes Special Assistant to the President of the United States from 1969 to 1972 where he was the founder and first director of the White House Advance Office. He was responsible for planning and coordinating all Presidential travel both domestic and international. Those visits included all 50 states and 25 countries. He personally directed the preparations for the President's historic trips to the People's Republic of China and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. President Nixon appointed him the eighth Director of the National Park Service in December, 1972 where he served until 1975. Mr. Walker has also served as a consultant to the White House Personnel Office, a senior advisor to four Presidents and on Special Diplomatic assignments abroad. In addition, he has served as a senior advisor to nine Republican Conventions, highlighted by his Chairmanship and position of CEO of the 1984 Republican National Convention in Dallas, Texas. At the request of President Ronald Reagan, he also chaired the 50th Presidential Inauguration. Mr. Walker has served on numerous boards, both public and private, including the Richard M. Nixon Foundation (Chairman), the United States Olympic Committee (USOC), the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), Kennedy Center, Vice Chair of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports, past chairman of the Freedom's Foundation at Valley Forge, the National Park Foundation, Grand Teton National Park Foundation, Ford's Theatre, and Vice Chairman of the Bicentennial of the U.S. Constitution. Mr. Walker attended the University of Arizona where he studied government and American History. Upon graduation, he received a commission in the United States Army and served at Fort Knox, Fort Bragg and the Ryukyu Islands (Okinawa) from 1961-64, rising to the rank of Captain.

  • Outreach

    Open Parks Network

    The Open Parks Network (OPN) serves the global parks community by providing information, tools, and solutions to support the stewardship of the natural and cultural assets of protected areas. Designed by a collaborative team at Clemson University to connect the greater parks and protected areas communities, with data through the power of cyberinfrastructure in order to leverage knowledge and resources more effectively for stewardship of natural and cultural assets worldwide.

    Mission

    Serve the global parks community by providing the information, tools, and solutions to support the stewardship of natural and cultural assets of protected areas.

    Our Goals
    • Improve access to information across nations and cultures through technological innovation
    • Eliminate park/geographic isolation and facilitate effective management of protected areas and biodiversity conservation through strategic partnerships and information sharing
    • Connect people to parks and conservation initiatives to promote research and education
    Our Partners

    In 2008, we entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the U.S. National Park Service and secured a National Leadership grant through the Institute of Museum and Library Services, which was matched by Clemson University for a total of $1.5 million. The purpose of the MOU and funding was to digitize 3 million pages of bound materials and over 200,000 archival items from the U.S. National Park Service and South Carolina, Georgia and North Carolina state parks. In 2012, we signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the World Bank Global Tiger Initiative and began the work to provide a common platform for all 'Tiger Range Nations' in their effort to double the world’s wild tiger population.

    OPN Home OPN Image Archive OPN On Facebook OPN On Twitter OPN On Instagram

  • Education
    Park and Conservation Area Management
    Park and Conservation Area Management

    Clemson University's department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management offers a Parks and Conversation Area Management (PCAM) program which prepares students to work for government, non-profit, and for-profit agencies and organizations who manage our natural and historic heritage parks and/or provide outdoor recreation services that minimizes environmental impacts and provides high quality experiences. Park and Conservation Area Management | Travel and Tourism Management | Recreational Therapy | PRTM EDGE

    Forestry and Environmental Conservation
    Forest Resource Management

    Clemson University’s Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation (FEC), part of the College of Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences, provides unified education, research and public service programs in forestry, wildlife conservation and ecology by providing excellence in instruction, scientific inquiry and outreach to citizens of South Carolina, the nation, and the world. Forest Resource ManagementParks, Recreation and Tourism Management

    Environmental and Natural Resources
    Environmental and Natural Resources

    Ecology and Conservation Biology are becoming increasingly important fields of study as we learn more about the influences of human activities on ecosystems and seek to build a more sustainable society. The world is blessed with an abundance of natural resources, but the problems associated with their conservation are immense. Protecting rare and endangered species, preventing and controlling invasions of exotics, preserving old growth forests, restoring degraded ecosystems, and balancing the resource demands of industry and the public are just some of the environmental issues you’ll face. Many of these issues are also enmeshed in politicized environments. As an environmental and natural resources major, you’ll learn methods for confronting some of the world’s most pressing problems. Environmental and Natural ResourcesEnvironmental Engineering | Geology | Biosystems EngineeringEcology

    Ecology at Clemson
    Ecology at Clemson

    Ecology teaching, research, and outreach are found in a number of departments,colleges, and programs at Clemson University. Clemson ecologists have a range of research interests from the theoretical to the applied, from the forests to the oceans, and from the individual to the ecosystem. Biological SciencesWildlife and Fisheries BiologyPlant and Enviromental Sciences

  • Give to the Institute for Parks

    You can support building leadership capacity in local, state and national parks by making a contribution to CUIP, or to a specific leadership development program. Options include:  

    Gary E. Everhardt Park Break Program

    Help us give graduate students with diverse backgrounds experiences in protected areas, in the only graduate-level service, science and stewardship program that focuses on scientific and other scholarly inquiry in a National Park Service (NPS) park. This donation is offered in partnership with the George Wright Society.

    Give Now

    Hartzog Fund

    Promote excellence in resource management and conservation through a donation to the Clemson University Foundation - Hartzog Fund. The Fund sponsors the annual George B. Hartzog, Jr. Awards and Lecture Series that recognizes and promotes exemplary leadership in parks and protected areas and in addressing environmental issues and concerns.

    Give Now

    Ronald H. Walker Park Leadership Development Program

    Help provide specialized training to current and aspiring local, state, and national leaders that are interested in innovative solutions and approaches to persistent and emerging management issues. Current park leaders train new leaders in a program that allows participants to discuss, study and examine the role of a park or public lands leader in the ever-changing world of park management.

    Give Now

    CUIP General Fund

    Your contribution to the CUIP general fund will help:

    • Fund a park leadership development program scholarship.
    • Support the development of a new park leadership development program.
    • Fund innovative research that helps leaders in local, state, and national parks with science-based decision making.

    Give to the CUIP general fund

    Mail Your Gift

    You can also mail your contributions for any CUIP program to: 

    Clemson University Foundation
    P.O. Box 1889
    Clemson, SC 29633-1889

    Please ensure you write “Clemson University Foundation”, followed by the program you wish to contribute to, in the memo line of your check.

    We appreciate your support!

  • Contact Us

    For more information about the Clemson University Institute for Parks, please contact: 

    Robert B. Powell, Ph.D. Robert B. Powell, Ph.D.
    Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management
    Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation
    281 Lehotsky Hall
    Clemson, SC 29634-0735
    Tel: 864-656-0787
    Fax: 864-656-2226
    Email: rbp@clemson.edu
    Email: cuip@clemson.edu

Image of an African lion

REDUCING CONFLICTS BETWEEN COMMUNITIES AND LARGE CATS AROUND MAASAI MARA NATIONAL RESERVE, KENYA

Dr. Larry Allen and graduate student Katie Krafte explore the support or opposition for predator conservation in communities surrounding Maasai Mara National Reserve, Kenya. Communities in the region live side by side with lions and other predators that can prey on livestock and pose threats to local people. Conserving these apex predators is critical for ecosystem health but in order to do so, human needs and livelihoods must be met and protected. Allen and Krafte are examining social factors that impact susceptibility of a community to conflicts with lions and other predators. In addition, they will examine the role ecotourism may play in lessening community impacts of predator conflict as well as increasing tolerance for the lion populations that share their home.

Explore

Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management News

Clemson University Institute for Parks
Clemson University Institute for Parks | 281 Lehotsky Hall, Clemson, SC, 29635