While these programs are similar in their recognition and promotion of excellence, they differ in eligibility requirements, application procedures and selection criteria. For example, the Goldwater, Mellon and National Science Foundation scholarships are restricted to applicants majoring in particular fields of study. Others, such as the Rhodes and Marshall, seek applications from outstanding candidates without restriction to academic discipline or career plans. Some require an autobiographical essay or "personal statement" to accompany the standard application form. Some require evidence of proficiency in a foreign language. Some require interviews, while others are strictly on-paper applications. Because of these differences, the approach you might take in applying for one fellowship may not be appropriate for another. One thing you don't want to do is prepare a generic application with the intention of tailoring it to suit the requirements and expectations of a particular program.