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Immigration Services

Social Security Number for International Students

A Social Security Number (SSN) is a nine-digit identification number assigned by the Social Security Administration (SSA), an agency of the U.S. federal government. SSNs are primarily used to report wages to the government and track social security benefits.

SSN Requirement for Employment If you work for wages in the U.S., an SSN is required. Employers will ask to see your social security card during the hiring process. If you already have an SSN from previous work in the U.S., you don't need to apply for a new one.

Important Note on Employment: U.S. government regulations restrict international student employment. Always contact Immigration Services (IS) for guidance before accepting a job. Working without prior approval can lead to termination of your immigration status.

SSN Eligibility for Visa Holders

F and J visa holders must be eligible to work in the U.S. to be eligible for a SSN.

  1. F-1 students who are employed are eligible for an SSN.
  2. F-2 visa holders (dependents of F-1) cannot work and are ineligible for an SSN.
  3. J-1 students and scholars are eligible for SSNs whether employed or not.

Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN)

If you are ineligible for an SSN but receive non-wage income in the U.S. (e.g., scholarships, grants, gambling winnings), you must apply for an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN). An ITIN is a tax processing number issued by the IRS for those who need to report income but can't get an SSN. To apply, you'll need to submit Form W-7 with a U.S. tax return.

How to Apply for a Social Security Number

Once IS advises you are eligible for paid employment, follow these steps:

  1. Complete SEVIS check-in with IS using the iStart portal. Please note the following:
    • You must be physically in the U.S. to complete your SEVIS check-in.
    • You can complete your SEVIS check-in 30 days prior to the start date of classes.
    • We recommend submitting your SEVIS check-in as soon as you arrive in the U.S.
  2. Obtain Employment Verification Letter (EVL) if you will be employed on-campus. You can get this EVL (for F-1 students/J-1 students) from your Graduate Coordinator and upload it to your SEVIS Check-In. You will need to pick up the completed EVL from the IS office.
  3. Confirm active SEVIS record. After SEVIS check-in, IS will activate your SEVIS record from initial to active. You will receive an email once the process is complete. Please remember:
    • Your SEVIS record must be "Active" for at least two days before applying for an SSN.
    • It can take up to ten business days for the U.S. government to recognize your "Active" nonimmigrant status.
  4. Gather required documentation. You must bring the following to your SSA appointment:
  • Signed EVL (for on-campus employees)
  • Completed Form SS-5
  • Form I-20 or DS-2019
  • Form I-94 (save and print your travel record)
  • Unexpired passport with visa stamp
  • For off-campus employment, bring your offer letter and I-20/DS-2019 reflecting the employment authorization. If on OPT or STEM extension, your EAD is also required.
  1. Visit the SSA office. You must apply for your SSN in person at one of the nearest SSA offices.
  • Anderson SSA: 4 Civic Center Blvd. Ext., Anderson, SC 29625 (Phone: 800-772-1213)
  • Greenville SSA: 319 Pelham Road, Greenville, SC 29615 (Phone: 877-274-5423)
  • Charleston SSA: 143 Tobias Gadson Blvd., Charleston, SC 29407 (Phone: 866-495-0111) 

The SSA will issue you a receipt letter first and later mail your SSN card to your local address. You should show the receipt letter to your employer. Once you receive the SSN card, you must also show it to your employer.

When Social Security Numbers are Used

You are not required to have an SSN to enter the U.S., open a bank account, sign a lease or get a driver’s license. However, you may be asked for an SSN for these activities, as SSNs are typically used to check your U.S. financial credit history.

If you are ineligible for a SSN and asked for it by a cell phone carrier, bank, landlord, etc., explain that as an international student not employed, you are not eligible for one. Because you do not have a financial credit history, you may be asked to pay a higher deposit for certain services.

Driver’s Licenses and SSN

To apply for a driver’s license, the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) will require either your SSN card or a letter from the SSA denying your SSN request. For additional information, please review the Arrival Guide: How to Apply for a Driver’s License.

Protecting Your Social Security Number

If you get an SSN, you should protect it carefully to prevent identity theft. Identity theft can occur if someone gets your SSN, potentially leading to long-term problems. Please be aware:

  • Do not carry your social security card with you.
  • Keep your card and number in a safe place and only show it to those with a legitimate reason to ask for it.
  • Never give your number over the phone or via email if you didn't initiate contact.
  • If you're unsure whether to provide your SSN, contact Clemson Immigration Services for advice.